However, the liquid–vapor boundary terminates in an endpoint at some critical temperature T c and critical pressure p c. At the triple point, all three phases can coexist. pressure–temperature combinations where two phases can coexist. The commonly known phases solid, liquid and vapor are separated by phase boundaries, i.e. The figure to the right shows the schematic PT diagram of a pure substance (as opposed to mixtures, which have additional state variables and richer phase diagrams, discussed below). This was the first critical point to be discovered, and it is still the best known and most studied one. įor simplicity and clarity, the generic notion of critical point is best introduced by discussing a specific example, the vapor-liquid critical point. Other examples include the liquid–liquid critical points in mixtures, and the ferromagnet-paramagnet transition in the absence of an external magnetic field. At the critical point, defined by a critical temperature T c and a critical pressure p c, phase boundaries vanish. At higher temperatures, the gas cannot be liquefied by pressure alone. ![]() The most prominent example is the liquid–vapor critical point, the end point of the pressure–temperature curve that designates conditions under which a liquid and its vapor can coexist. In thermodynamics, a critical point (or critical state) is the end point of a phase equilibrium curve.
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